Correlation between Vitamin D and Severity of Periodontitis in CKD Patient
Published: 2023-04-29
Page: 161-166
Issue: 2023 - Volume 6 [Issue 1]
Sachin Singh *
Department of Medicine, MLN Medical College, Prayagraj, India.
Upma Narain
Department of Microbiology, Tejas Microdiagnostics, Prayagraj, UP, India.
Arvind Gupta
Department of Nephrology, MLN Medical College, Prayagraj, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: As the disease progresses, chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients become susceptible to a broad range of adverse health outcomes, including periodontitis. Both chronic kidney disease and periodontitis have been associated with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D, known for its role in bone health, also plays a significant role in regulating the immune system, which is why it has been postulated that vitamin D is linked to the severity of periodontitis in chronic kidney disease patients. This review aim to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D levels and the severity of periodontitis in CKD patients.
Study Design: A prospective case control study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Prayagraj, India between July 2021 to June 2022.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 chronic kidney disease patients were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Periodontal evaluation was done and classifies it by using CDC-AAP classification. Cases and control were defined after periodontal evaluation. Blood sample was taken for an investigation like serum vitamin D, serum creatinine, and other markers.
Results: Out of 50 chronic kidney disease patients, 40 CKD patients (80%) had periodontitis changes considered as CASES and 10 (20%) CKD patient did not show any periodontitis changes considered as CONTROL. Cases had lower mean standard deviation (SD) Serum vitamin D levels than controls (13.90±8.16 versus 25.71 ± 12.68 ƞg/mL, p < 0.002). Mean Serum Vitamin D of the study population decreased significantly within mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis (p value=0.006).
Conclusion: Therefore, it is evident from our study that serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in cases as compared to the control. It is also observed that serum vitamin D levels decreaseas the severity of periodontitis increases in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, periodontitis, stage, severity, serum vitamin D
How to Cite
References
Bastos JA, Diniz CG, Bastos MG, Vilela EM, Silva VL, ChaoubahASouza-Costa DC, et al. Identification of periodontal pathogens and severity of periodontitis in patients with and without chronic kidney disease. Arch Oral Biol. 2011;56:804-11.
Dietrich T, Joshipura KJ, Dawson-Hughes B, Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Association between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and periodontal disease in the US population. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:108-13.
Nishida M, Grossi SG, Dunford RG, Ho AW, Trevisan M, Genco RJ. Calcium and the risk for periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2000;71:1057-66.
Hildebolt CF, Pilgram TK, Dotson M, Armamento-Villareal R, Hauser J, Cohen S, et al. Estrogen and/or calcium plus vitamin D increase mandibular bone mass. J Periodontol. 2004;75:811-6.
Miley DD, Garcia MN, Hildebolt CF, Shannon WD, Couture RA, Anderson Spearie CL, et al. Cross-sectional study of vitamin D and calcium supplementation effects on chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009;80:1433-9.
Jessica do Amaral Bastos et al. Studied Serum levels of vitamin D and chronic periodontitis in patients with chronic kidney disease. J Bras Nefrol; 2013.
Nazli Rabienejad, Vida Sheykh, Fateme Sabzeali Dehaki, Zahra Cheraghi, Fahime Sadat. Hashemiyan studies evaluation of the relationship between vitamin D and calcium levels in serum and the severity of gingival disease in dialysis patients: a case control study Protet Stomatol. 2022;72(2): 182-191.